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History of the Germans from the Middle Ages to Reunification

von Dirk Hoffmann-Becking

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A narrative history of the German people from the Middle Ages to Reunification in 1991. Episodes are 25-35 min long and drop on Thursday mornings every 2 weeks.
"A great many things keep happening, some good, some bad". Gregory of Tours (539-594)

So far we have covered:
Ottonian Emperors (# 1- 21)
- Henry the Fowler (#1)
- Otto I (#2-8)
- Otto II (#9-11)
- Otto II (#11-14)
- Henry II (#15-17)
- Germany in 1000 (#18-21)
Salian Emperors(#22-42)
- Konrad II (#22- 25)
- Henry III (#26-29)
- Henry IV/Canossa (#30-39)
- Henry V (#40-42)
- Concordat of Worms (#42)
Early Hohenstaufen (#43-69)
- Lothar III (#43-46)
- Konrad III (#47-49)
- Frederick Barbarossa (#50-69)
Late Hohenstaufen (#70-94)
- Henry VI (#70-72)
- Philipp of Swabia (#73-74)
- Otto IV (#74-75)
- Frederick II (#75-90)
- Epilogue (#91-94)

Colonisation of the East (#95-108)

The Hanseatic League (#109-127)

The Teutonic Knights (#128-137)

From the Interregnum to the Golden Bull (#138 -185)
- Rudolf von Habsburg (#139-141)
- Adolf von Nassau (#142)
- Albrecht von Habsburg (#143)
- Heinrich VII (#144-148)
- Ludwig the Bavarian (#149-153)
- Karl IV (#154-163)
The Reformation before the Reformation
- Wenceslaus the Lazy (#165)
- The Western Schism (#166/167)
- The Ottomans (#168)
- Sigismund (#169-#184
The Empire in the 15th Century
- Mainz & Hessen #186
- Printing #187-#188
- Universities #190
- Wittelsbachs #189, #196-#199
- Baden, Wuerrtemberg, Augsburg, Fugger (#191-195)
- Maps & Arms (#201-#202)
The Fall and Rise of the House of Habsburg
- Early Habsburgs (#203-#207)
- Albrecht II (#208)
- Friedrich III (#209-#215)
- Maximilian I (#215-

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  1. Ep. 186: Mainz and Hessen - An Origin Story

    This week we are setting off on our tour of the empire for real. And where better to start than with the most senior, most august of the seven prince Electors, the archbishop of Mainz, archchancellor of the empire, and holder of the decisiv

  2. Ep. 185: A Time Between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance -Season Opener

    Many German histories skip over this period in order to get to the Reformation, which is a shame. Because the 15th century did not just shape the physical appearance of the country, but much of its geographical and mental make-up. The music

  3. Ep. 184: A German Messallina? - Empress Barbara of Celje (1392-1451)

    Barbara ist geil und ruchlos is the title of a 17th century description of emperor Sigismund’s second wife, Barbara of Celje and it goes on as follows: “Barbara, was a German Messalina, a woman of insatiable lust; so nefarious / that she ha

  4. Ep. 183: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - The Aftermath of a Revolution

    This week we bring the series about the reformation before the reformation to an end. It is time to take stock. What changes did 20 years of opposition to the established church and 15 years of war bring to Bohemia? How did Jan Hus, Jan Žel

  5. Ep. 182: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - Sigismund Returns to Bohemia

    We have a tendency to overlook the history of the smaller European nations even though they do quite often provide the laboratory where one could have seen the sign of things to come or calamities that could be avoided. One of these nations

  6. Ep. 181: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - Zizka's Drum

    “And anyone who would not want to keep and truly fulfill the above written pieces and articles, and would not want to help protect and defend them; such a one, without regard to person, we will not suffer amongst us and in this army fightin

  7. Ep. 180: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - Adamites and the battle of Kutna Hora

    The Czech language has been a severe impediment to my storytelling this season and you may have noticed that I often avoid to name places and people, instead I talk about a major baron or a medium sized city. There are however two Czech wor

  8. Ep. 179: Sigismund (1410-1433) - Meanwhile in the Empire

    Sigismund, king of the Romans, king of Hungary and recently crowned king of Bohemia is not doing too well. Despite his long list of glittering titles he is stuck in the town of Kutna Hora, the revolutionaries have taken Prague, built strong

  9. Ep. 178: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - No Hill to Die On

    • “It is we, the followers of master Jan Hus, who are obeying the law of God, we who are the true followers of Christ. Thus therefore, who oppose us, oppress us, kill us, are themselves heretics, trying to thwart the will of God. Out of thi

  10. Ep. 177: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - The Day after the End of Days

    “To our great shame and sorrow, we must acknowledge how our brethren have been cleverly seduced by Satan, and how they have departed from Holy Scriptures in strange and unheard-of ideas and acts. When Satan first came to them it was not wit

  11. Ep. 176: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) -A Great Idiot of History?

    Revolutions are exceedingly rare in world history. And they are so rare because they require a whole host of things going wrong and going wrong all at the same time. In 1419/1420 a whole host of things are going wrong in the kingdom of Bohe

  12. Ep. 175: Hussite Revolt (1419-1434) - Death and Defenestration

    The Bohemians had already protested against the treatment of Jan Hus when he was arrested and anger was brewing throughout his trial. Hus hadn’t come to Constance on his own. Several noblemen, including the brave knight John of Chlum had co

  13. John Wycliffe - a Guest Episode from the History of England

    Today the History of the Germans is honoured to host David Crowther, doyen of the guild of podcasters and host of the most excellent History of England Podcast. Wycliffe's writings were to prove controversial and proved an interesting early

  14. Ep. 174: Council of Constance (1414-1418) - The Trial of Jan Hus

    “They will roast a goose now, but after one hundred years they will hear a swan sing, and him they will have to endure.” These were allegedly the last words of a certain Jan Hus whose surname meant goose and who was burned at the stake on J

  15. Ep. 173: Council of Constance (1414-1418) - The End of the Schism

    We have talked about church reform for almost four years, the council of Constance talked about church reform for about the same amount of time and Luther will talk and write about church reform until he did no longer believe that the churc

  16. Ep. 172: Council of Constance (1414-1418) - A Gathering of the (Christian) World

    In November 1414 30,000 academics and aristocrats, bishops, blacksmiths and bakers, cardinals, counts and chefs, doctors, dancers and diplomats, princes, prelates and public girls descended on a town in Southern Germany built to house 6 to

  17. Ep. 171: Council of Constance (1414-1418) - Removing surplus Popes

    The Council of Constance marked a pivotal moment in the history of the Catholic Church and the history of Europe in general. One issue on the agenda was the ongoing schism that the council of Pisa had failed to resolve. Another the reform o

  18. Ep. 170: Jan Hus (1369-1415), Reformer and Rebel?

    “Master Jan Hus, preacher of the Holy Scriptures from the chapel of Bethlehem, was also present at this council, who in his preaching continuously criticized and exposed the hypocrisy, pride, miserliness, fornication, simony, and other sins

  19. Ep. 169: Sigismund (1410-1433) - The Not Yet Emperor

    The late 14th and early 15th century was a period of upheaval, the certainties of the Middle Ages, that the pope ruled the world and that knights were invincible were crumbling away, the long period of economic growth, of eastward expansion

  20. Ep. 168: Ottoman Empire (1280-1396) - From Osman to Nicopolis

    This week we delve into the transformative period of the Ottomans from Osman to the Battle of Nicopolis. It highlights how Osman, the son of an Anatolian warlord, laid the foundations for what would become one of the world's greatest empire

  21. Ep. 167: The Great Western Schism (1378-1417) - The Impact of the Schism

    When the Great Western Schism was finally resolved at Pisa and Constance, Christendom rejoiced. Or so we have been told. But was it really such a devastating, catastrophic event that left the papacy mortally wounded, so impaired that it cru

  22. Ep. 166: The Great Western Schism (1378-1417) - Popes and antipopes from Urban VI-John XXIII

    If you are a longstanding listener to the History of the Germans, you will already know that sometime in the late 14th century the catholic church broke apart into 2 and then 3 different obediences, three popes residing in different places

  23. Ep. 165: Wenceslaus the Lazy (1378-1400) and Ruprecht of the Palatinate (1400-1410)

    “And since these especially ruinous harms to all of Christendom are not to be tolerated or suffered any longer, so we have completely agreed – with a well-considered disposition, by means of much and various discussion and counsel, which we

  24. Ep. 164: Council of Constance and Hussite Revolt (1378-1437) - Season Opener

    On 31st of October 1517 a hitherto unknown professor at the smallish university of Wittenberg published 95 theses. And by doing so, he unleashed a sequence of events that would fundamentally change the face of Europe and still defines commu

  25. Karl IV (1346-1378) - A Portrait of a Medieval Ruler - Interview with Vaclav Zurek

    The Emperor and King Charles IV (1316-1378) represents today an untouchable monument in Czech history, carved into the marble of admiration and clichés. Although a new and thorough study of his reign is yet to be written, it is nevertheless

  26. Ep. 163: Karl IV (1346-1378) - Succession and Legacy

    This is the last episode of this season and it is time to say goodbye to Karl IV, Ludwig the Bavarian, Henry VII, Albrecht of Habsburg, Adolf von Nassau and Rudolf of Habsburg. These have been some eventful 138 years. When Karl IV died in 1

  27. Ep. 162: Karl IV (1346-1378) - Schisms and Deals

    For more than a hundred years the Holy Roman Empire was a mess of constant infighting between and within the great princely families. But by the 1360s the consistent policies and elaborate diplomacy of emperor Karl IV had produced a degree

  28. Ep. 161: Karl IV (1346-1378) - A Luxemburg Empire

    All is well in the empire. The Golden Bull had been debated, agreed, sealed and then celebrated at the great diet in Metz in 1357. The first time in decades that all the Prince Electors had come together and performed the ancient duties of

  29. Ep. 160: Karl IV (1346-1378 - The Golden Bull of 1356

    “Every realm that is divided internally will go to uin, for its princes have become the comrades of thieves. The Lord has poured out the spirit of deceit among them, so that they grope about at midday as though in darkness, and He has withd

  30. Ep. 159: Karl IV (1346-1378) - The Rise to Imperial Power

    This season has now gone on for 22 episodes. We started with the interregnum of largely absent rulers and after a brief renaissance under Rudolf von Habsburg the empire became a sort of oligarchy where 3 families, the Luxemburgs, the Wittel

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