359 - Modern Fission Reactors

Guest: Jacopo Buongiorno (web.mit.edu/nse/people/faculty/buongiorno.html) Host: Markus Voelter Shownoter: Andy Joiner

In this episode we take a look at newer generations of fission reactors, those that are currently being developed or researched. Our guest is Jacopo Buongiorno (web.mit.edu/nse/people/faculty/buongiorno.html) of MIT (mit.edu). We discuss some of the high-level goals of these new reactors, such as increased safety and efficiency, and then look at a few of the interesting new designs and how they realize these goals. We also briefly cover some of the policy arguments around keeping fission in the mix for combatting climate change.

Introduction
00:08:18
Jacopo Buongiorno (web.mit.edu/nse/people/faculty/buongiorno.html) | Nuclear Science and Engineering | MIT (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_…) | Advanced Nuclear Technology | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability_engineering | Decarbonization (en.wiktionary.org/wiki/decarbonize) | Fission (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission) | Fusion (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion) | Nuclear Power Plant (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant) | Primary Energy Source (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_energy) | Turbine (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_turbine) | Electric Generator (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_generator) | Grid (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_grid) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(heat_transfer) | Reactor Core (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_reactor_core) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium | Nuclear Binding Energy (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster | Meltdown (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_meltdown) | Cooling (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_reactor_coolant) | Intrinsically Unstable (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inherent_safety) | Radioactivity (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_decay) | Decay Heat (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay_heat) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redundancy_(engineering) | Passive Safety (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_nuclear_safety) | Control Rods (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_rod) | Irradiated (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_activation) | 3-Mile Island (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima_Daiichi_nuclea…) | 3-Mile Island (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Mile_Island_accident) | Retrofitted (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrofitting)

Existing Reactors
00:20:28
Light-Water Reactor (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-water_reactor) | Pressurized Water Reactor (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurized_water_reactor) | Boiling Water Reactor (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_water_reactor) | Radioactive Waste (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_waste) | Decommissioning (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_decommissioning) | Lifecycle Cost (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole-life_cost) | Final Repository (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_geological_repository) | Dry Casks (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_cask_storage) | Energy Mix (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_mix) | Renewables (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy) | CO2 Emissions (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas)

Small Modular Reactors
00:37:39
Small Modular Reactors (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_modular_reactor) | Mass Production (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_production) | Neutron Spectrum (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_temperature) | Thermal Neutrons (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_temperature) | Moderator (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_moderator) | Uranium Dioxide Pellets in Rods (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_dioxide) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP1000 | Common Cause Failure (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_cause_and_special…)) | Previous German Episode on Nuclear Power Plants (omegataupodcast.net/60-kernreaktoren-und-kraft…)

High Temperature Reactors (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very-high-temperature_re…) 00:49:41

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fuel#TRISO_fuel | Pebble Bed (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble-bed_reactor) | Molten Salt Reactor (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_salt_reactor) | Fast Reactor (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast-neutron_reactor)

Micro Reactors
01:07:24
Micro Reactor (energy.gov/ne/articles/what-nuclear-microreactor) | 40ft Container (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermodal_container) | Heat pipe (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_pipe) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desalination | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeder_reactor | Burner (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeder_reactor#Waste_re…) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium | Reprocessing (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_reprocessing)

Safety
01:23:46
Negative Void Reactivity Coefficient (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_coefficient) | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticality_(status) | Critical Mass (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_mass)

Listener Questions
01:33:44
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentation | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modeling_and_simulation | Indirect Measurement (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_(statistics))

Big picture
01:39:14
NuScale Power (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NuScale_Power) | Thermal-Hydraulics (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_hydraulics) | Two-Phase Flow (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-phase_flow)