AI, Liability, and Hallucinations in a Changing Tech and Law Environment

Stanford Law researchers Professor Dan Ho and Mirac Suzgun explore the risks and potential of AI in law

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Since ChatGPT came on the scene, numerous incidents have surfaced (lawnext.com/2025/05/ai-hallucinations-strike-a…) involving attorneys submitting court filings riddled with AI-generated hallucinations—plausible-sounding case citations that purport to support key legal propositions but are, in fact, entirely fictitious. As sanctions against attorneys mount, it seems clear there are a few kinks in the tech. Even AI tools designed specifically for lawyers can be prone to hallucinations.

In this episode, we look at the potential and risks of AI-assisted tech in law and policy with two Stanford Law researchers at the forefront of this issue: RegLab Director Professor Daniel Ho and JD/PhD student and computer science researcher Mirac Suzgun. Together with several co-authors, they examine the emerging risks in two recent papers, “Profiling Legal Hallucinations in Large Language Models” (Oxford Journal of Legal Analysis, 2024) and the forthcoming “Hallucination-Free?” in the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies. Ho and Suzgun offer new insights into how legal AI is working, where it’s failing, and what’s at stake.

Links:

• Daniel Ho >>> Stanford Law page (law.stanford.edu/daniel-e-ho)

• Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI) >>> Stanford University page (hai.stanford.edu)

• Regulation, Evaluation, and Governance Lab (RegLab) >>> Stanford University page (reglab.stanford.edu)

Connect:

• Episode Transcripts >>>Stanford Legal Podcast Website (law.stanford.edu/stanford-legal-podcast)

• Stanford Legal Podcast >>>LinkedIn Page (linkedin.com/showcase/stanfordlegal)

• Rich Ford >>> Twitter/X (twitter.com/our_ford)

• Pam Karlan >>>Stanford Law School Page (law.stanford.edu/pamela-s-karlan)

• Stanford Law School >>>Twitter/X (twitter.com/stanfordlaw)

• Stanford Lawyer Magazine >>>Twitter/X (twitter.com/@stanfordlawmag)

(00:00:00) Introduction to AI in Legal Education

(00:05:01) AI Tools in Legal Research and Writing

(00:12:01) Challenges of AI-Generated Content

(00:20:0) Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback

(00:30:01) Audience Q&A

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