1968 Predicted Every Modern Tech Problem

Are you going to the moon, Prime? No, I'm not going to the moon, but I have. Dang it. That was the thing I announced to Trash earlier. Going to the moon, SpaceX sponsorship. That'd be an insane sponsorship. You're going to stream from the moon. Starlink. Let's work that out, TJ. Also, I like imagining that they picked us.

They're like of all the people they could send to the moon. Probably Prime and Teej would probably do the funniest stream from the moon. Yeah. It's like, it'd basically be like, Prime is right in the middle of one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind, and like Riverside would like, and Teej would interrupt, and Riverside would rearrange all the windows.

It's like, okay. It's one small step. Yeah, real small step, Prime. Look how tight those little legs are. They're like, shut up, man. I'm doing my speech. Try taking a bigger step, bro. Like, what? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Uh, anyways, sorry. Can a man get started today?

Yeah. Big shout out to Big Z. She sent me some snacks today. Thanks, Lindsey. Thanks, Lindsey. Bought a Sour Patch Kids and Cooler Ranch Doritos. Now, Trash, that seems kind of like a pretty basic snack pool. Like, how does that make you feel? Like, is it pretty basic? Do you feel like... That's what I asked for.

The classic. It's a classic. It's a classic. Those are his staple food groups, Prime. That's like the basis of his diet. I got my fruits. I got my fruits. I got my grains. Fruits and vegetables. Ancient grains. Liquid. It's water. I'm drinking water at least, so that's good. Wow, you're drinking water.

Prime, what are you drinking today? I am drinking water with a little bit of a very special Chinese formula. Because I brought my coffee. Wait, TJ, is that, wait, did you actually put a liter and a half of coffee in there? Because that looks like the big boy. It is a liter and a half, isn't it? I did a whole Karath just to bring this today because I knew you were going to have a stupidly large mason jar.

I got to bust out my mason jars now. I know, but now that's, yours is like stupidly large for coffee. That's way larger. All right, hey, shall we get started? We could. Yeah. All right, welcome to the stand-up. Today we have a very special guest who's on here every single week, Casey Miratory, legendary game dev, giving us a presentation.

And also, he did have a brief blocker at the beginning. And I was wondering, I actually put these both in progress, so we're doing them at the same time. I was just wondering if you can recall the brief blocker, Casey, that you had. Yeah. Gosh, do I recall the brief blocker that I had? I probably have to go look back at the Discord and hope that I typed it in there because I never remember.

Okay. While you do that, I will say that this is the – Oh, Dax's credit card fraud. Was it Dax's credit card fraud? Yes. I love saying it. Dax's credit card fraud is awesome. Dax's credit card fraud. Let's go. Yeah, so I was feeling this so, like, I was perfectly in empathy with Dax on this because he posted, like, a screenshot of their Stripe, you know, they had, like, here's what our Stripe blocked payments was, right?

And he's like, this is larger, like, than the entire, like, revenue of the company. Can I throw something out there really quickly? dax runs a company called open code which has yes something like 15 million reoccurring users per month or whatever the average monthly users or average weekly users i can't remember it's a very large number and he's been battling credit card fraud and he's been posting numbers of exactly how much fraud he has and this is when casey is like i gotta say something Yeah, and, like, it was, you know, the number was, like, over $300 million of just, like, blocked fraudulent payments.

And it wasn't, that wasn't, like, this year. That was, like, I don't remember what it was. It was, like, a week or a month or a day or whatever. It was yesterday. It was, like, yesterday. It was ridiculous, right? It was completely out of control. If you're anything like me, you have a bunch of ideas, but perhaps you're a bit disorganized.

So often I find myself having a long brainstorming session. But at the end of it, I just have a big markdown file. And then, of course, at that point, I've lost everything. Hey, stop doing that. You got to check out Linear and use the Linear MCP. I have a big conversation. I come up with a bunch of ideas.

And at the end, I get a set of tickets that are actually all the things that I need to do. And when I don't know what to work on, I go, hey, agent, go to Linear and tell me what I need to do next. And it will find exactly what I need to work on. This has been so successful for me that I'm in actual serious danger of completing a project.

Go to linear.app slash terminal and get six months for free on Linear. Thank you for supporting the channel and thank you, Linear, for sponsoring the video. The reason I find this so absurd is because everyone... no matter how small or large your business is, knows that this is an absurd problem, that people can just take credit cards and put them into a form, and then that actually just shows up as a charge.

And that then, when it turns out to be fraudulent, which of course it will a bunch of times because there's no safeguards on it, you are responsible for dealing with that. And there's two ways that you're responsible for dealing with that. Either one, you have to pay extra money to someone like Stripe, significant amounts of extra money for them to try and block it for you.

They actually charge you differently now too, based on how good you want the blocking to be. So it's like a closet, I swear. I swear to God, I'm not making that up. I did not know this. That's insane. That's insane. That's what medium effort blocking. Well, it's like the reasoning effort for your LLMs.

Well, maybe I can, I mean, you know, just really briefly here, I might actually have the actual verbiage that they use to announce this, because I remember reading it pretty, oh yeah, here it is. It's an email that I got from them. It says, introducing new Stripe radar plans and pricing. As fraud on the internet has accelerated over the past few years, we've been rapidly adding to Radar, our fraud prevention product.

Last year, we blocked $110 billion in fraud and shipped dozens of new features. With so much new functionality, we're introducing four tiers, light, standard, plus, and pro, and updated pricing. So you actually have four choices with how much fraud do you want, I guess. And you get to pay Stripe based on how much you want them to prevent it.

Now, to me, this is absurd because the entire point of the payment base layer, which is not Stripe, by the way. Stripe is like one above the payment base layer like Visa and MasterCard. It's a payment aggregator. Exactly. They're a payment processor that handles all the other stuff for you. Essentially, Visa and MasterCard is doing nothing.

There shouldn't be basically any fraud. They should have designed a secure system that makes it so that it's highly unlikely, that you have to be literally social engineered in person or something, right? Yeah. To have this kind of thing happen. But like at least in the US, I know, I think Europe actually does this a lot better.

They have a lot more direct like pin based stuff or where you have a bank app that you use to like approve it and things. But in the US, you know, we have like two factor authentication for stuff like your Twitter login, but your credit card, zero factor authentication. It's just type in the number. That's it.

You can type in the number and the date and the CVV. You get the money. Right. And the only thing stopping you from committing that credit card fraud is basically a bunch of machine learning that sits on top of that at some place like Stripe and goes, hmm, OK, like based on the IP address of this person, do I think it's that person or not?

I can say from experience. of running a not particularly large company, certainly nowhere the size of DAX is, that we still get tons of fraud that gets through Stripe. So not like, and so DAX also does. Like if they're seeing that level of fraud that Stripe blocked, they are seeing not that much, but they are seeing a level that Stripe did not block, that they then are on the hook for is, And they pay fees like there's the they actually charge you charge you when someone does a fraudulent payment to you that gets passed through to you as a basically chargeback.

I know what you call it penalty, if you will. This system sucks. It needs to be fixed. And it really, I don't think it's acceptable that people are now making businesses out of charging you to fix what is a completely broken payment system instead of someone actually fixing the broken payment system, which you, by the way, pay constantly because Visa and MasterCard are doing just fine.

Right. So, Casey, I don't know if you've heard of it, but there's this little thing called cryptocurrency. I've got a few coins that I think are going to solve the exact problems that you're looking for. My primary one, Teej coin. I think it's – speaking of going to the moon, am I right? Am I right, boys?

Let's pump it. Nice callback right there. It is kind of absurd that we live in a system that the only solution is, I don't know. Good luck. Good luck. Yeah. Or crypto. Or like, I don't know, try some random cryptocurrency and hope that you're in. And that's an adoption problem, right, too, where it's like the problem is none of your customers do that.

Right. They don't. They don't have like they don't have Teejcoin. I know we all want them to have Teejcoin. I want Teejcoin. OK. Teej hasn't even said Teejcoin to me. World coin? World coin. Wow, that's really a throwback. Yeah. That is. Is that still a thing? So, yeah. Yes. Yes. Anyway, two of Sam Altman's adventure.

Anyway, that's just a blocker rant because it's not getting fixed. It's pretty clear that we're just like because too many people are just like sort of siphoning money off of that system now that like they don't want to fix it. And I don't know why other I guess no one else has a big enough coalition to basically like because the government could solve this pretty quickly.

They just passed a law that was like you can't pass on like you. You eat the fraud. right like payment payment processors eat the fraud then this would get fixed overnight that would be the end like there'd be no more you can just type in a credit card as soon as visa and mastercard were on the hook for that then that's over right yes because it'd be inconvenient for us because we get passed on with some sort of like hey is this really you type of yes thing but at least i would like i was charged two thousand dollars like two weeks ago with someone fraudulently figuring out one of our credit cards and it's just like it's absurd i have never shopped at this place ever yeah how is this happening

And then the place is just like, well, you know, you shouldn't have done that. And I'm like, I didn't do anything. What'd you get, Prime? What'd you order? A bunch of like, it wasn't Timu, but it was something like Timu. It was like $2,000 of Timu. And I was just like, bro, we have never stopped there in our life.

That's everything on Timu. What am I going to do with everything on Timu for $2,000? You could buy the entire warehouse. You could practically buy the company for $2,000. Yeah. Yeah. Anyway, that's the only blocker. Not much to say. But yeah, I mean, what what Dax is experiencing at a large scale, everyone else is experiencing at a smaller scale is, I guess, what I would say.

And I have to feel particularly bad for specifically AI companies, because AI companies also, if a scammer can get through, they can then go on to perform more sophisticated scams. So it is like it is the like honeypot of all scammers are companies. And so they have to have like harder. You know, when they're talking about the 100x engineer, they're getting the 100x scammers coming to them.

I wonder how many times it's happened that somebody used a fraudulent credit card to bootstrap their AI processes to control. harvest more credit cards and fish more people which they can then use to then buy more and so it's just this nice virtuous cycle it ends up taking up all of anthropics like like data centers with fraud yeah there there's definitely like an underwear gnome thing or a sock gnome or whatever it was i think it's underwear i can't remember from uh south park underpants gnome hack ai to be able to like get more credit cards get more credit cards to hack and they're like then what well we'll then do that and then profit it's just like when does it happen though it's gonna happen it's there's well it happens when they charge two thousand dollars finally and get their team who items from you yeah that's true i got team mood prime can we go over my blockers that you skipped last time with dhh

Okay, I did not know you had blockers, nor do I... Did you put them on the linear board? Rude, prime. They were literally on there. You looked at them, and then you just went straight to your only one, and then not to mine. Just to really make sure that we're on the same team. Drama. Oh, okay. Yeah, that's true.

I know, drama. Can you right now put them to in progress? If we even have a team at this point, based on that lack of cohesion, and I didn't like that at all. The co-CEOs are fighting. Mostly it's just because I had a joke, two jokes that I really wanted to do. It doesn't really matter. The first one was I was going to ask DHH for watch advice, and then after he gave me some advice, I was hoping that at some point he was going to ask why did I want his advice?

And I was saying, I just figured it's time. That was the first one that I really wanted. That's pretty good. And then since he's been showing off cars, I just wanted to show off a cool Lego car that my son built. So that was it. This is a Spider-Man. Is that Spider-Man? Yeah. It's a one of one, you know?

So that was all, but I just at least wanted to, I wanted to get those out into the universe. I don't know the next time that I'm going to get to do the watch joke. And I really didn't want it to get lost apparently in several different linear boards that we're not communicating about. So that's well, TJ, you're kind of out of time on those jokes.

So we're just going to move forward. oh i know yeah by the way prime i should also thank you uh i retold that orange head joke that you and i love it i love it trash we have to tell you offline it cannot be repeated online because it defeats the purpose of the joke it's an inside joke it's an inside joke And it gets funnier.

If you can find one person that's already heard the joke and they get to be a part of you telling it a second time, it is exponentially more funny. okay, I didn't know that. I guess I'll have to do that. Because they start seeing it coming and they start seeing the person's face where they're like, and then?

Yeah, yeah, yeah. And then they realize how funny it actually is. And then it just turns, it just is painful. I think the best part of the joke too is I don't even understand why it's funny. It just is. Like I sort of get it, but not really. Like I'm like, this really shouldn't be that funny, but it really is.

I think the totality of the joke is that Man has an insatiable need for more. I think it's like the theoretical joke. But it's just so funny. It's not coming. By the way, if you see me in person, you can ask me about the man with an orange forehead, and I'll be glad to talk to you. All right. Anyway.

Casey, I'm not joking you. When Prime first did that, I think the TwitchCon, I don't remember which TwitchCon it was. I think I heard the joke. 15 plus times but tj tell me that there wasn't a point where people were sweating laughing while one person did not know the punch line there was there was times where people were like no no i'm not saying i didn't enjoy the experience i just want to let you know when prime saying multiple times he's not saying oh maybe you get to three over one conference he's talking double digit numbers otherwise it's kind of a rookie situation you have to because you need people that have already heard it because then it gets exponentially more funny All right, Casey, you're on now time.

Okay, let me do a little intro here. All right, welcome to the stand-up. Today we have asked legendary game programmer Casey Miratori to give us an amazing presentation, and what he's going to do is going to give us a glimpse of the root of the root of all evil is pre-optimized performance. Dang it, I can't even remember the title.

It's too many, too many prefaces. You really crushed it. Thank you. I'm crushing it. I was also going to say, Prime, I mean, I think we need at this point probably add computer historian to Casey's repertoire. At this point, maybe. I think so. I agree. Yeah. All right. Occasional computer historian, perhaps.

Yeah. Okay. Today we have with us legendary game programmer and competent and very insightful computer historian, Casey Muratori. I love the legendary. Like, it's not legendary at all, but now you have made it a thing. And under my videos, people now put legendary. You got to change your surname. Wait, wait.

Chat, can you guys search Casey on Google? Okay, well, I don't know what the legend is. There's no legends. There's not a single legend. Anyway. Chat, we have the funniest thing we can do. You know AI overviews? If we keep this up. Oh, no. AI Overview will be a legendary game. I'll spin up some bots.

That's what I want to see. Yeah, that's what I want to see. Everybody, spin up your bots. Yeah. So the legend is about how I started being called legendary. That's the actual only legend. I like it. And that will be an actual legend since people have to explain it because it doesn't make any sense. Anyway, yeah.

So a lot of people last year saw that big oops talk that I did because for some reason it was very popular, which was just luck, I guess. Because it's very long. it's very long and I wasn't expecting that. So just like, I don't know, people were in the mood for a longer thing. So that was cool. And so a lot of people watched the big oops.

That was my Better Software Conference 2025 talk. So for Better Software Conference 2026, I just wanted to do one more of those. They're very hard to do. I think I've talked about this before. You have to just read a tremendous amount. And you have to condense things down so dramatically that like you're leaving most of the things out.

You know, a lot of people ask me like, why didn't you talk about X or this, that? And I'm like, because, bro, there is so much stuff you can't talk about. Even spending two hours, there's just... I mean, it was thousands of pages of documentation. Everything had interesting stuff in it. I mean, computer history is just chock full of things.

It's hard to get through a single paper without being like, wow, this would be cool to talk about, but just doesn't fit here or whatever. So anyway... So this year I wanted to do one more of those, and it was on the phrase, premature optimization is the root of all evil. And the reason I wanted to do that one is because before I started researching it a while ago, I actually didn't really know the circumstances around the sort of like...

First times it was committed to page, if you will, like written into an article or had examples shown about it. And I kind of wanted to go. I knew about the original sort of citing in the Knuth paper paper. sort of the first paper anyone wrote that has it in. Knuth actually said it according to a transcript.

He said it in a lecture slightly before that paper was printed, but the paper's manuscript had already been submitted at the time. So this is like the first time it would have ever really been committed to paper, as far as I know. Obviously, people probably were saying it before that, but anyway. Yeah.

So I wanted to find out more about like why it got said, like why would someone like Knuth write it down? You know, what was going on at that time period? I just kind of wanted to get it more than I did because I just didn't really know. And I obviously know Knuth's like research. I know he has the Art of Computer Programming series and a lot of other books.

He has a street math book and all these like publications, all that stuff. But I never really like knew much about his history and, And so I kind of started like looking into all of that and kind of found this whole story about structured programming and what was going on at the time that I found really educational.

So really the talk is just an attempt to kind of share that point in history. It's like, here's kind of what they were thinking about, what they were tackling, what professors like Knuth were looking at at that time. And once you kind of know all that, I think it puts the phrase in much better perspective about what like it actually means.

It's like a really much more tangible way you can relate to the phrase. So anyway, that's what the lecture is. And it's exactly like the big oops where I, you know, I use pretty much exclusively excerpts from source material to kind of like give you a sense of everything that was going on and who is involved and all this other stuff.

So that's up now. The VOD is up. You can get to it easily if you just go to computerenhanced.com slash the root. All one word, the root. It will take you directly there. And I have a page where it's got the YouTube video of the talk and then references hyperlinked. So you can actually like any of the slides that you see.

If you're like, I want to read more of that. I'd like to see the original. They're all hyperlinked on that page. You can just click through and get them. and read the original references. Sometimes they're paywalled because they're at like, you know, it was an institute. Like, you know, it's IEEE's like, you know, publication that isn't available for free currently or whatever.

So but most of the time there there's just a freely available PDF that the author has posted or whatever, or that journalist is out of out of print for so long that it's just on, you know, they just put their archives online. Casey. Casey. You know that you could... Oh, never mind. Never mind my joke.

I just realized completely doesn't work. Keep on going. Prime, we can fix it in post. I have an actual question. Josh, definitely leave it in. Prime, go again. No, no, I can't because I thought computer enhance was CH for abbreviating it or for initializing it, but then I realized there's the EN because then it could have been CH root.

It could have been Chirrut. Oh, yeah. It would have been so awesome, but then I realized I'm an idiot. I need to capitalize that. It used to be like computer enhance with like a big H and then it can. Computer enhance. What are you going to say, Trash? Trash. Trash. Real question. What does, for these long talks, like how many hours does it take to, like, what's the level of effort that you're going through to make these long talks?

Way too much, I guess is what I'd say. Typically, I do like... Typically, the idea or basis research comes from something I happened to do earlier. So like a year or two ago or something like that. And then I spend... It's just like, I don't know, maybe like two weeks of 16 hour days, like straight, just going through all the material, clipping it out.

It's like because I can't afford to spend that much time on them. And I have to go through so much history that it's just it's it's really brutal because then just going back and, you know. going through all the papers again, finding new papers, answering questions that are like, oh, what about this part?

Where's that reference? Or why did this person do this? Can I find something? And so it's really, really brutal. And I don't recommend it. I don't recommend it at all to anyone. My rule of thumb has always been 40 hours per hour when it comes to a conference talk. Yours sounds even higher. It's higher than that just because of the nature of the work, because of how much reading is involved.

And I think, you know, one of the things that I sort of talked about with Dimitri, because we do that AI podcast, and we do an episode coming out later, where I, I sent him like a paragraph describing like the research. Uh, and I was like, Dimitri have the, have the AIs do it and we'll compare them like afterwards on an episode.

We'll go through it and see like how they did. Cause it was going to be like a, kind of a shoot down, uh, episode, right. Where we go like, here's what Anthropic got. Here's what open AI got. Here's what Gemini got. Cause now I know the thing like backwards and forwards. I can kind of be like, who, who did what, when and how, uh, And like, one thing I was thinking about on that episode too was just...

I don't know how you speed this process up. You can't really outsource it to an AI or something like that, or even a research assistant, because the valuable part is you exploring the text without a preconceived notion of like what the questions are that you want to have answered, right? And so it's kind of this, it's this really difficult problem of making a talk like this It's the value comes from you immersing yourself in the material, not from answering a particular question.

And so it's very hard also to figure out how you would accelerate it. Like using AI, using assistance, using whatever, I just... It's it's not really I don't know. It just kind of is a long process is I guess all I would say. And so I've been I've been trying to do that as well, seeing if I can like can I do research and all that.

And then at the end of the time, after spending, you know, three hours getting research from an AI, I go, oh, shit, I have to read the paper anyways. And so then I just go read it like either way. And so now I just like, well, I can't say this thing because I don't even actually know how accurate it is or if it really is the like the thing I'm thinking.

And so then. And I wouldn't like I don't want to say it too strongly because since I haven't tried actually using AI to prepare a talk like this, I don't know if maybe like you could come up with a workflow that sort of works. Yeah. But in my experience, like, you know, you. Doing reading all of the papers yourself, like all the stuff you find is so valuable and you never knew you were looking for that.

Right. And so that's just that's the tough part about it is it's all about that happenstance, the exploration. I really enjoy it. It's just the time pressure is so brutal. Mm hmm. And I never get a chance to rehearse these talks either. So I just have to get up and give the talk just from the slides that I ended up with that were done just before I get up there, right?

Because I'm constantly making modifications. And so it's a really grueling experience is I guess what I would say. So this is probably it. Those are probably the two that I'm ever going to do. But I certainly learned a ton when I was doing it. I think the stuff for me that I found helpful using AI for it is like finding original sources for stuff, which like if you have papers already as a starting point, then you can use those and you could literally read them through.

But sometimes you're like, I don't even know. Can you like find anything to read? Like that's very helpful. Right. And to like even just, you know, hey, can you turn these really badly formatted? pdfs or like weird old web pages like you just ask it like i ask it sometimes i literally say like just turn this into a web page locally in h like just that i can click through and open it like a book you know i'm saying or some stuff like that which is like ocr this for me because this is a mess yeah literally ocr the pdf right now that i can't scroll because of just the way it is on the internet it just won't scroll it just is so chunky so i'm just like make it different thank you yeah yeah Or like collapse it into something like I have this one thing right now where I just it goes through the guy who made Obsidian made a thing that like turns most web pages into like really simple like markdown that you can read.

So like use his little package to like turn some stuff into like offline markdown. I can read articles like from my phone. So like that stuff's pretty nice if you're trying to just like get stuff. going there. And then the other thing I like is for like making animations. If you have to like make animations or like move something around on the screen for the presentation using AI to like, Hey, can you make it so like this thing lights up and then that thing lights up and a line connects the two things.

And you're like, Because I don't want to click that in PowerPoint anymore. I don't know. I graduated from high school already. I don't want to click the animation button anymore. What does it make it in? Is it making a movie file? Or are you having it drive PowerPoint and it's still being made in PowerPoint?

That's your choice. That's up to you. That's up to you. Oh, okay. The one that we've been experimenting with on our side is called ReMotion. And it's like, in case you won't be happy, so close your ears maybe for part of this or just... but it like literally runs it runs in a browser and it more or less screenshots the browser at certain times to construct a video but then that lets you like okay use all of the css animations and everything right already exists so you can be like i want this to ease in from this opacity to that opacity over this time cool you just do that and then it got more or less like screenshots to to render them but the other one that i've done for other stuff is just literally like hey

write me a static HTML page that is the slides and use JavaScript in the browser to move it. And I can just like full screen it, you know, and then like that works and it will run on another computer. So you just present, you present in a browser, you basically just present in a browser. I just full screen the browser and then click next, next, next.

Look at this one right here. See this beautiful thing right here. uh well i mean it's riverside so no but i mean yes so i can press this and i made a screenplay in the two-y those are stars and there's the there's the lander right there the apollo lander i can put like a little wait what is it right why is there why is there an apollo lid what's going on prime this was the the moonshot referred to earlier or yeah yeah yeah doing that we you know i have some nice he doesn't know why you're making it as i'm saying no i don't i'm doing a Get some nice, that's a particle effect.

I made a particle effect right there. A video on Apollo or how you made the game? No, Apollo. Like the story of the heirs because I'm learning about it. And so there you go. See, you can do animations. That's adorable. That's actually a house. In the Tui. Yeah. Do people come out? I want to see the people.

Where's the people? I love it. Okay, so I do have a really funny idea for that one, which is going to be take Super Mario, and you know how Super Mario runs and goes on the flagpole and goes down? Right. Have someone that looks like, you know, standard Mario and jump a couple moon rocks, ride the thing down, then go in the moon lander, then it shoots off.

So instead of going in the castle, you go in the moon lander, and then it takes off. That's nice. All right. Hey, Casey, you need to kind of keep on going with this presentation. I realize we're pretty far off topic. That's OK. Thanks, Trash. I mean, it's the stand up. I already gave the talk. If you want to see the talk, it's there.

Yes. True. So, yeah, we were kind of talking about obviously these talks are not things I can give other versions of. Right. So there's not much I could really do on the stand up. But. What I kind of wanted to do was figure out something I could show on here that might be fun. Because, you know, like I already said when we were talking about this, you basically, you don't really have time to put in almost any of the things you found, right?

What you see in the talk is like a tiny, tiny little sliver, right, of the actual stuff, right? And so what I wanted to show here was there's this... One of the period, there's multiple periodicals that like everyone read at the time. Communications of the ACM was an example of one of those. It's in fact, communication of the ACM was what that original Donald Knuth structured programming with go-to statements paper where premature optimization through to all evil, where he writes that, that was actually in communication to the ACM.

That was like a very common thing people would see. Actually, no, that I'm sorry. That was in computing surveys. communication of the ACM is kind of like more like has the letter letters in it and stuff like this. So those periodicals from the Association of Computing for Computing Machinery, those are like very common periodicals that lots of people read.

But there was this actual magazine called Datamation, D-A-T-A-M-A-T-I-O-N, that was a very prominent like trade magazine at the time. And a lot of things are like are in there. And so I happen to have to read through those. As you'll see in the talk, I had to read through those to like dumpster dive to find this one advertisement that Edgar Dykstra, like of the Dykstra algorithm, like that Dykstra, refers to multiple times.

Sorry? He won Programmer of the Month on Prime's channel. So that was cool. Oh, yeah. All right. Well, yes. Programmer of the month. Ed's good Dykstra. Yep. Very important. Very prestigious. It's literally like Turing Award. Programmer of the month. Yep. I was going to say that Turing Award is kind of like a nice to have resume patter, but Programmer of the month is when you know you've really made it.

That's how you know. Yeah. I hope I get that one day. So someday. We're all aspiring to that. So anyway. Okay. In this magazine, like Dykstra actually refers to an advertisement derogatorily, refers to an advertisement in this magazine, Datamation. And that's in the talk. You can go see that. But while I was trying to find this ad that he sort of, you know, cryptically refers to multiple times, I read through all the issues of Datamation, like, in 1968.

Yeah. And because they've been digitized by this like preservation Patreon called Bit Savers. And while I was reading through these, it kind of like just struck me how... It's weird, but, like, the more things change, the more they stay the same. In 1968, like, computers were, like, massive. Like, a lot of them were the size of the room.

They were at least cabinet-sized, right? They had, like, you know... teletype for for like talking to them and stuff it was like you know they're like terminals occasionally you would have a crt display that could maybe like draw some lines on it for you and things like this they also had big plotters that they would use you know it's that era of computing history nobody has a personal computer that's not a thing i don't even think the term personal computer would be used at this point right i think 75 was that apple one I don't know, but like, because, yeah, heaven help me.

It was called a personal computer. Yeah. And so, you know, we're talking about 1968. So several years before the term was really a thing that people were thinking about, right? But anyway, when you read through it, it's still kind of nuts. Like, you get this really interesting sense for the time period.

The sorts of things that were kind of different, like now you can buy a high-resolution CRT for $6,200 in 1968. So, you know, it's kind of interesting to see how some things have changed. have gotten better, but in a large, to a large extent, the stuff that they talk about is like the exact same stuff we talk about today.

So I kind of just wanted to grab some screenshots. I'm sorry. I just rapidly did this last night prime. When you said that I should, I should show something today. So these are not as organized as I would like. That's perfectly. We love to hear. I'll just say that's $60,000 in today's dollars. If I did the Google search correctly.

Yes. It's around 10 X. Yes. Yeah. Yeah. Um, so this one, uh, maybe I should move my, um, uh, I don't know how to make this fit in the screen properly, but I can just make you small for now. And then that will fit in the screen. So I don't know if you can see here, but this is an advertise. Well, it's not really an advertisement.

It's announcement for a new product of a 4k display in 1968, right? 4k 4096 by 4096 raster elements. Um, What are we doing here? I'm just pointing. I don't know. It's hard to get more fish about some of these things, but I thought that was kind of cute. Anyway, I thought it was kind of cool that we could get some salary comparisons.

So, again, 10x these. So, you know, here's a partial list of computer careers. $100,000 to $350,000 a year. So it was already like people were getting Silicon Valley salaries. True. In 1968. Wow. Which is pretty great. AI taking over the world and us being very scared about it. That was huge during that time.

Hexapon, a learning demonstration. This is by some people from IBM. And they essentially say that... That what was the good thing it says? The, this arises from the belief that the computer is a serious threat to man because it poses and it possesses an intelligence that dwarfs man's. Many people do not realize the contribution that programmers make to computer performance.

Instead, they ascribe the performance to some inherent mystical ability of the computer. This naturally results in their regard in the computer with considerable awe. And it has a thing that says there is therefore a need to communicate to the public the basic principles underlying computer artificial intelligence in order to dissipate some of the mystery surrounding computers.

And there's another one in here that I was going to point out where they talk a little bit more about the degree to which people... In fact, this article itself says accompanying this positive attitude toward computers is an underlying sense of anxiety. There's more here on here. Anyway, these are in no particular order, so we'll get back to that thing that I just showed in a minute.

Is that a Cope 45? That's what I was going to say. I was just laughing. This computer is called the Cope 45. Brian, you can reply to people with this on X with this ad when they say something. You're like, here's a Cope 45 for you. Okay. The Cope 45 is here, guys. Working now. That is what it says in this ad.

The Cope 45. It provides 100% backup with immediate turnaround in a load and go environment for your library of programs. That sounds literally just like today's computing. When people tell you to cope, okay? When people tell you to cope, you tell them, I use a Cope 45 for all my backup needs. So another thing that's exactly the same is everyone was worried about data mining.

In 1968, there was literally this thing called the long subcommittee, which they were reporting on. in congress uh where they were name though casey right not like uh they're not just probably it's edward v long a democrat from missouri i thought you were about to show us something where they were saying guys turns out having subcommittees that put red tape on everything really makes the program suck that's what i thought we were about to get That's also separately true.

But if you take a look at this, it basically says citizens' names appear 3 billion times, their age is 2 billion, their marital status 1.5 billion, and their income 1.25 billion. And Senator Long, who was heading the committee, goes, hearings before my subcommittee have convinced me that whatever privacy remains for the American citizen – remains because the federal government is presently too inefficient to pull all its personal information files together.

It is extremely time-consuming and expensive to put your finger on any one individual. Come on, stand up trash. But the proposed federal data bank will make it easier and cheaper to put your whole life history no further than the push of a button away. What good will this technical progress be if we fail to preserve our privacy?

In 1968... Dude, long would have lived quite short knowing about flock cameras. Oh, flock cameras, you say? Gosh, I wonder if those will come up in a clipping in a couple of slides here. So, software as a service, they got you covered. Now you can lease your software with no capital investment, guys.

What? Yep. They had it all figured out. They were like, look, you just pay us. And then, you know, for this monthly fee, we will provide the software to you. And when, you know, when you stop paying, we take the software back. It's all good, guys. The benefits are great, though. It says right in the article.

It says the benefits are great. Exactly. This was the year, 1968, that they decided software could be patented, right? There was a bill introduced that would have banned software patents, and they decided, all right, maybe not. That was this year, 1968. So that bill, had it been passed, we wouldn't have had software patents.

All right. Moving on. I'm just kind of going through these rapid fire here. This is more about the patent office there. Okay. So I don't think I need to talk about anything here. I don't even know why I screenshotted that. Why did I screenshotted that? Oh, you know why I screenshotted that? I know why I screenshotted that.

It's because of if you look at the table of contents, those among you, with eagle eyes, with the sharp eyes, the razor sharp eyes of a sharp eyed standup viewer. Sex viral. Of an eagle. Sex viral. Yes. Yes. We'll notice a particularly famous publication here in the April edition. Computerenhanced.com?

Nope. Can anyone see it? Can anyone out there see it? Do you see it? FCC? No, I don't. Number, page 28. How do committees invent by Melvin E. Conway. That is right, Teej. It is the original publication of Conway's Law. Whoa. That's wild. That's a full circle. How did people read it if it was more than 140 characters, Casey?

I don't know. They were thumbing through this weird dead tree thing, and they, I don't know how it worked. It's weird. Really foreign concept. So this was good. 27 cents for 1,000 characters. That was the price of the storage. Oh, I love measuring it in characters. Oh, that's awesome. Yep. So here's that Melvin Conway, the original.

Yep. There he is right there. Very dashing, I would say. I was just thinking, dang, that guy's handsome. Hey, ladies. I'll listen to anything he says. Let me tell you about how committees invent. So true. Yeah. So anyway, the term firmware was coined just the prior year, and they were talking about the concept that computers of the future might have firmware in them.

Oh. In 1968. Boy, did they ever, I'd like to tell you about UEFI BIOS, uh, Anyway, that's not really quite what he meant. Do you want to tell us about UEFI BIOS in one of these in a stand-up one day? I mean, there's not much to say. It's like something like two million lines of code just for the reference implementation of the thing that is the software on your computer before you use any software on your computer.

It's nuts. Firmware here, they were kind of thinking of it as being... Well, no, this is kind of what... I won't go... It doesn't matter. That'd be like a whole rat hole. But anyway, I thought it was kind of fun. It was like, wow, 1968 was the first time they were really talking about firmware. It's the year before 1967, actually, that I think it was first coined.

Now, this article, an experimental 36040 for timesharing, right? 360 being the system 360, like the IBM system 360... N40 being the model 40 of that line of computers. I thought this was kind of interesting because they already were talking about like virtual memory and all this stuff. But they are also talking about virtual machines and everyone running on a virtual machine.

Like hypervisor, they were like, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, like no problem. You can read up in the corner here. It says, if only software is used over it is considerably larger than the supervisor program is assisted by some additional hardware. With this added hardware, the user is not aware of anyone else in the system.

In fact, he cannot reach data belonging to others. That part of the physical machine the user sees under these conditions is called a virtual machine, which can but need not have the same specifications as the host machine. In our case, the virtual machine had the same specifications as the host machine.

So it's like, they were just running on VMs. They were like, yep, that's going to be cool. Don't worry about it. We got it. Did you want like continuous integration testing? No problem. They were like, do you need to have like your, you know, your tapes tested? Things like this. Is this an ad? Yes, it is.

I just can't believe how much of this is like right for today. No, it's based on how much of these fundamental assumptions are wrong. Like, do you need your tapes test today? We'd never test tapes today, but it's all right. Yes. We have done nothing, basically. Hardware got a lot better, and we just are exactly the same as what was in a Datamation magazine from 1968.

Literally. So what was this? Oh, the end of OS is I have to I have to hear about this because I hear agents are operating systems these days. OK, this is a joke that one of the weird things about this is the level of like satire and like just generally horsing around that happened in animation magazine is kind of nuts.

We'll get to another one of these in a second. But there'd be a lot of these parody articles that are just in there. No call out. It's not like, oh, this, haha, this is a joke. It's like we just wrote. It's like a mad magazine? Yes. They would just do that. Maybe every episode there'd be like two articles that were just straight up humor.

And there was no differentiating them from the completely dry, 100% serious, like the other stuff that I've been showing. That's awesome. Yeah. Here, they literally say a new programming system was announced for delivery in two years to be called Assembler Stack Support or ASS. So it's just like, all right.

That was a good job. That's good. Good job, guys. The ASCII standard was adopted. So President Lyndon Johnson, I assume. LBJ stamped ASCII? I think so. It says President Johnson. It could have been another guy, maybe president of the Sanders Institute. I don't know. It just says President Johnson. Because, I mean, I have my PETSki right here already.

Okay. You know, so ASCII is a big upgrade. I do have to say. I... And Lyndon Johnson maybe agrees with you. Yeah, Lyndon Johnson helped me get off the Pets game. I'm very happy about that. So I thought that was kind of cool. I was like, all right. And again, this is not, here's all the back issues of the animation.

This is just 1968. All of this is just from 1968. That's insane. I like this one per year, Casey, or how often did they publish one per month? It's one a month. So that's 12 issues of Datamation. All right, gotcha. And oh, but the things I'm showing you, I only had time to go through the first six again.

So it's only half that you're actually, it's only the first half of 1968 that we're looking at here. I like this piece of artwork. I think it's very moving. That's all. The mournful fisherman, it's called. Scary. Anyway, so here's more about the privacy. Statistical data banks said to be privacy threat.

Protecting individual privacy requires more than controlling access to personal dossiers, a lawyer and management consultant told the Boston Bar Associates Committee on automation recently. Aggregate statistics can also provide intelligence about individuals. And they go on to talk. Like, it's all here.

That's crazy. Like, it is all here. Everyone, they, people knew about everything that was going to happen, but it happened anyway might be the way to say it, right? Which is kind of a bit sad or disheartening. I don't know. Anyway, these are just more salary examples. If you're blocked in your career, COBOL, still good advice.

Still good advice today. Career opportunities beyond old limits. It's an acronym, Prime. Yeah. Oh, career. Oh, it is. That is real good. I didn't even notice that. It's still actually good advice today. If you learn COBOL, you can make hundreds of thousands of dollars because they really need people to figure out how to maintain and move forward these systems.

At this point in time, no one is sure if there will ever be a time when learning COBOL isn't still a valuable, marketable skill. It should have been that no one knows it today. That's not what happened. Okay. Using computers to try to win elections. 1968. Right? Right? Sick. Political pros applying computers to campaign.

The Democrat National Committee recently replaced a 1401 with a 5-tape 36030, is working with the equipment in two and a half shifts or more just about every day, and plans to add at least one disc pack. The RNC is renting 25 hours a month on an SBC Mod 40 and lesser from another DC Service Bureau integrated business methods.

So it's like, yep, they were already doing that too. Lawyer sees computers as aid in handling cases. So this was someone going, look, we could have the computers read these legal opinions and then they could predict what the judge was going to do. It's just kind of nuts. Now my computer is my lawyer, which is sick.

Yeah. I just hold it up. I hold up my phone and have it speak for me. Your Honor, can you talk to Chad GPT voice for me, please? Objection. Objection. Repeat that. Repeat that for Chad GPT voice. It feels like a husk. This is like turning into a husk thing with husk in the courtroom. This, write-in from a reader, it's an op-ed page.

Literally, like, literally, it just sounds like an AI stan from today wrote in. They say, with each passing year since the development called ENIAC, man has been increasingly making computers and automation the whipping boy for his own deficiencies. I have been working in this field for over 15 years and have watched in silence as unemployment, dehumanization, big brother, invasion of privacy, and finally the very destruction of the fiber of our society have been blamed on my chosen field.

I no longer can remain silent. It is time we put our critics and their criticisms in perspective. It's not our computers. To err is human. Let me cite some examples. Several years ago, I was associated with a project which attempted to provide computer assistance to medical X-ray interpretation. Most, if not all, of the doctors to which the project was ascribed offered the universal argument against computers, but you cannot automate the years of study and value judgment which must be based on years of experience.

Does it sound familiar? A series of x-rays from the case history of a patient who died was presented to train physicians and the computer. In all cases, the physicians missed the vital interpretation until the malady could no longer have been arrested. The computer sensed an irregularity early enough, so we were advised that corrective action could have started."

He just goes on and on talking about all these ways that like people have demonized it, but the computers are better. It's it's nuts. Like this is 1968. it's totally nuts here sorry yeah so now I feel like I can't decide if it's a good tweet or not so I need your approval before I send it I typed it while you were talking alright yeah so it said to err is human you know because it's talking about how people make mistakes but now I kind of feel like we should be saying to err is agentic should I tweet that or not what do you think I'm the wrong one to ask is agentic to fable of divine i'm just gonna say to air is agentic i'm just gonna tweet that only there you go okay i mean there's only one way to find out you just gotta sometimes you just gotta put it out there tige and see what i did yeah i did okay uh somebody asked about flock cameras i think prime you were saying flock cameras oh i did yeah because you were like saying that other piece oh sort of like flat cameras but it was kind of distantly related how about actually just flock cameras

New York State has a development program underway to use a video camera to capture the image of the rear of motor vehicles passing a vehicle presence detector. This image is processed by a specialized device which locates the license plate and identifies its alphanumeric code. The code is transmitted to the central computer at a remote location for comparison with stolen vehicle and traffic warrant files.

A match results in the output of the license number, vehicle type, and an indication of the charge. The police vehicle is monitoring the output device a short distance from the detector and is able to enter the stream of traffic and apprehend the wanted vehicle two or three seconds after the initial detection.

J.J. Paley of the New York State Identification Intelligence System expressed optimism as to its potential contribution in the stolen vehicle and wanted traffic violator areas. Wow. Do you just have to read 1968's Data whatever. Data major. And you can come up with modern day billion dollar companies.

Just read through this and find something someone isn't doing right now. And there's your next Y Combinator pitch, folks. Casey, this reminds me. Have you ever seen... Oh, go ahead. Go ahead, Casey. No, continue. Have you ever seen Colossus the Forbin Project? No. Have you ever watched this movie? 1970.

It's right. I have not watched it, but that sounds very, I've heard the name. Certainly. They probably wrote and, you know, produce this during this time period. Casey little, I'll give you a homework assignment for once, which is watch this movie. You'll love it. I promise you. I guarantee it. Say it one more time.

Colossus, the Forbin project or something. Colossus, the Forbin project. Yep. Don't eat in the computer room. All right. You eat these donuts. The crumbs get in the tape. I actually tell this to my kids. They're not allowed to eat in the computer room. Yeah, this is good. This is actually really good advice.

Residual static charges attract crumbs to the tape surface, and the crumbs cause dents and dents create permanent errors, guys. So that one, not as applicable to today. There's some more software as a service. I thought you guys might like 1.5 cent per bit. storage because i was thinking pretty soon with the ai uh data center build out i'm imagining this is roughly i'm imagining this ad will be accurate again honestly casey i do have to say it seems like it costs a little bit to get memory in that time it costs just a little bit yeah so i should say lockheed Yeah.

So Lockheed Martin was just Lockheed Aircraft Corporation at that time because they hadn't merged with the Martin Marietta. With Martin Marietta. Got it. Interesting. Yeah, that wasn't true in 1968. Yeah. They were just making generic also like memory system stuff too, like outside of – Well, yeah, because – No, it's, you can actually see, you probably can't in a minute, it says Lockheed Electronics Company, a division of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation.

Got it. So they kind of had like this, you know what I'm saying? Yep, yep, yep. So yeah. This is, well, okay, I guess I don't know. I assumed this was another one of their comedy ones. It's called a hexadecimal pronunciation guide. I thought it was really funny. It has to be. I just, it has to be. I don't, I don't know.

So don't take my word for it. I can't prove it because like I said, they don't really, they don't really say whether the article is comedy or not, but, but here are the way that they suggest pronouncing the, the, the digits. Yeah. A for Ann, B is Bet, C is Chris, D is Dot, E is Ernest, and F is Frost.

So when you encounter things, uh... Oh my gosh. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I am loving that. Yeah, me too. Ant-y, Betty, Christ-y, Dot-y, Ernest-y, right? Frost-y. Jippity. Oh, and it's not on there. Yeah. Okay. these are just so good anti-07 oh that's crazy because on Silicon Valley F5 was flevity-5 yeah this is anti-Christine that's like a I was like we should do this I should try to learn a frosty 2 a frosty 2 is so good I thought maybe they were going to be working up to like a hidden message inside where they like pick a pretty high number and then it like says a whole sentence and it's like you're an idiot for reading this article or something like that.

I don't think – it's written very tongue in cheek so I just assumed it was comedy. But I don't – I didn't have time to really read through the entire article to like see if there was anything where they literally say it, but I don't think they ever do. The humor was like wicked dry. Can you send me a link to that one?

Because I think I'm just going to make a YouTube video on that one. That one is really funny. Yeah, just send me a message. Send me a DM so I'll remember as soon as we're done here. Okay, I'm going to send it now. I'll send it to you. Yeah, yeah. Otherwise it will be forgotten. Otherwise, I'm also forgetting your forgettings.

So, again, we kind of already went over this. Here's an entire book called Privacy and Freedom by Alan F. Weston that they're reviewing here that's entirely about like the, you know, it has an entire section on computer, like what computers are doing to privacy in that era. Why does it say $10 after the heading?

That's the price of the book. The price of the book. Which would have been $100. Yeah, this is a review of the book. It's a $100 book. Honestly, its logo does kind of look AI-generated, though. If you go back to it, notice that it has, like, these weird kind of arrows sticking out of things, and then one part doesn't have arrows.

Oh, it's Claude's logo. It's Claude's logo, you're right. It's the Claude's logo. It's a Claude butthole, yeah. They stole the logo when they read this and stole the data. Let's make sense. All right, we'll see. Claude created its own logo by stealing. I liked the idea of boldly asking the question, how do you gruntle the buyer of memory sacks?

Because I've always wondered how you gruntle the buyer of memory stacks. Can one define gruntle? Yes, you can. And I'm going to use it because it's not what it sounds like. I'm going to use it in inappropriate ways in the future as well. Oh, I love this definition. Me too. Me too. Oh, my gosh. Well, because disgruntled, right, is to be upset, to be made upset, right?

So gruntled is to be made not upset. Yeah, is the opposite of disgruntled. Right, like the eagles. They became very gruntled. Yes. Communist China. Post-sex spiral gruntled. Yeah, exactly. Communist China still posing a threat to our computer supremacy. Very important to track. They said within five years they would have computing technology.

That was what this estimate said. They were 15 years behind currently, and then they would pull to five years behind in the next something. Trash, what did you say? Sorry, what? What did Trash say? Trash, say it louder. It was a whisper joke. I'll just say, I didn't know China existed in 68. That's crazy.

Oh, dear. That's a good one, Trash. No one was actually supposed to hear it, but then you started laughing. So this one is not funny or really interesting to anyone but probably me. And that is that if you look up, like, on Wikipedia, this is one of those ones where I'm like, oh, man, I'm not doing another one of these talks.

But. If you look up on Wikipedia what the first ray traced image was, it will tell you that the first ray traced image was like published about in April 1968 by a guy named. Oh, what was his name? I don't remember. Sorry. I. But randomly going through the 1968 datamations, here is three ray traced images in an advertisement for a service that does ray tracing for you.

Right. And this is February 1968. So... I guess Odin being noteworthy is not the only thing Wikipedia maybe doesn't quite have correct in there. But I was like, oh, that's – I wonder where the actual first ray traced images came from because they probably aren't the ones sighted. uh in that in that wikipedia but i don't know so i wanted to do it for the very first time in an ad for a company that's been doing and selling yes i know uh so i don't know uh it's pretty it's pretty hard to say but you know made me want to look into it more and that's it so that's what we got which is good because i think we're basically out of time anyway that was awesome And that's just the first six months of 1968.

There's so much more. It's insane. It's crazy. And by the way, if you like that Cope 45. And two zigzags. If you like the Cope 45, there's another ad for Cope later on in Datamation, later on in that year. where the cope logo is huge. So I can try to get that. I could try to grab a screenshot of that one for you.

Just this big cope computer. I'll go dig that one up later today. That was great. And so all of this is in service to your... Sorry. I was just... Go ahead, Prime. Go ahead. You take it. Okay. I was just going to say, in all of this kind of research, this is all the side research. This is how Unbroken got discovered.

This is the same process where you're just doing a lot of side research for the root of the root of all evil is premature optimization. Yeah, because, you know, like I said, to me, the interesting part of these history talks is not like I don't really want to tell people what to think about the topic because that's more of like an op-ed kind of a thing.

That's like, oh, let me tell you what I think about, you know, optimization or something like that, which is fine, you know, and that's a different kind of article. But when you're doing these history talks, what I kind of want to do is I want to go feel like I kind of know the time period. I want to, as much as possible, like put my brain back there by reading all of the things that were going on at the time and stuff like reading their trade magazines and all this sort of stuff.

And then try to give you a feeling for like, this is when this thing was said. Like, this is actually what was going on at the time. This is where these people were in their lives. This is what they were thinking about. This is how their personal lives were or whatever. Right. Just to kind of like put you back there.

And I, to me, it's really, really cool to have that experience. I only can get a little bit of that across in the talk, right? Like I get some of it across as best I can. But, you know, if I go back and look at the talk, I'm just like, yeah, I only got a little fraction. Like I tried my best, but you can never really give the full impression of it.

When you actually go back and like read all this material, you get such a much more palpable sense of like, oh, okay. Like I see what life was like and what they were thinking about, right? Yeah. Well, we'll link the full talk in the description so people can watch all of it in all of its glory, which will be great.

Don't forget to like and subscribe. I think I watched the first like 30 or 45 minutes earlier today, but it's three hours long. So, guys, sit down. Get yourself a little jar of coffee. Just a little jar. It's actually only two hours long. There's a Q. It's like an hour long Q&A after it or something.

So, the actual talk is, I think, two. hours uh yeah ginger bill who of course is makes a language called odin that is not noteworthy uh i've never i don't even know who he is i've never heard of this guy it's not there random guy i don't know they had some random guy interview that no one's ever heard of uh non-legendary completely unlegendary program designer yeah uh Also, the talk was edited and post-produced in a program called Blick, which is a new video editor that was written in Odin.

The non-noteworthy language that they used to build the program that edited the talk you can watch, right? So once again, Wikipedia really crushing it there. There's a reason I never cite Wikipedia once in these talks. It's because it's always a pretty crude approximation for actually going to the source material.

We have a rule where we try not to show many sources, if any sources, from Wikipedia. We always try to find more of the original one. Anyway... Thanks everyone for checking it out. And, uh, yeah. Well, that makes me excited for just all the, like even just the sidebarring, because I don't know if, I don't know if you know the unbroken reference.

Uh, no. Okay. So the girl who wrote, um, Seabiscuit. Oh, okay. While she was doing research for Seabiscuit, she saw... Yes, it is. While she was doing the research, she saw a column that just said, man who survived Japanese internment camp comes back and everybody celebrates him. And she just set it aside and then she later went through that.

It's just like this. Going through the history and reading newspapers, you find all these fun side quests. Oh, absolutely. Absolutely. This is awesome. Yeah. Yeah. Prime chat wants you to watch the whole thing on stream and turn it into an eight hour reaction. They said that about the big oops, too. Yeah, they did.

I know. They're still waiting. They're still waiting. I mean, Casey, can I have permission to do all eight-hour stream of it? I mean, you had my permission for the big oops as well. You have my permission to eight-hourify this or 16-hourify it or any hours you want, Prime. Extra Life is coming up where we do a charity drive for kids.

I could react to the big oops. end of that it will take 24 hours for me go right ahead go right ahead i would love it good idea that would be fantastic okay that's a good idea prime i can do that on the schedule i think but remember google or youtube does have a 10 hour video limits so there is gonna be uh it'll be parts installments it's gonna be like episodic reacting to the big oops part one yes well hey I love that this was awesome thank you so much Casey for joining us today on the stand up you made today a legendary stand up with your information I like his intro he's like we have a special guest today who is on every episode that was good actually Prime and Trash both of you guys need to watch Colossus and Chatters you guys have to watch it too

What? Colossus is the X-Men villain. Is it him? I know, but it's not that at all. It's not related to that at all. Isn't Colossus the invincible one in X-Men that they have to like... Yeah, like the purple helmet. Is 1970 before X-Men existed? I don't know when X-Men existed first initially. I probably just made a lot of people know.

I think based on the lore, they were in the 60s, if I'm not mistaken. By the way, Kyle Hill does have an excellent video breaking down the Ice X-Man that if he were to shoot ice, he would actually explode like TNT and kill everybody around him. Very good breakdown of energy transfer. I was assigning homework, and it's watching a movie.

I'm the best teacher. Okay, you guys have to watch a movie for homework. Everyone come ready with their thoughts next week. We'll do a little brief, you know, we'll parking lot. Can you put the name in the Discord? Yeah, can you link it? I'll send you the link to the right one in Discord. Yeah, yeah.

Also, Ginger Bill has an excellent point. There were technically 22 men before X-Men. There's the A-Men, the B-Men, the C-Men. I was like, huh? They're kind of late. See, I was a C-Man. Trash, we all were. You was a C-Man. I was a C-Man. Literally. That's why I said we all were. Okay, let's end the episode, please, fast.

Bye, everybody. Bye-bye. I boot up the day. Vibe coping. Errors on my screen. Terminal copy.

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