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From First Principles is a fast, funny, and rigorous breakdown of the biggest science stories of the week, hosted by Lester Nare and physicist Krishna Choudhary, PhD. We go past headlines into the actual mechanics: what happened, why it matters, and what everyone’s missing.
Expect physics, space, AI, energy, biotech, and the occasional “wait… is that real?” story. If you’re curious, skeptical, and you like learning in public — you’re in the right place.
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What Happens When AI Gets a Lab?
What happens when AI moves beyond the chatbot and into the laboratory? From Claude-designed proteins that bind scorpion toxins to robots that assemble optics experiments, we examine what AI can do for science and what still has to be proven
Nobel Prize 2026: The Science Gets Stranger
Can light restore aspects of sight? Can recalling a cold experience change an animal's metabolism? And what can ghost particles and mirror-image molecules tell us about the universe? Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary follow up on our 2026 N
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2026 Explained: Mirror Molecules (EP 63)
Why does life favor one molecular mirror image? The 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry honors Henri B. Kagan and Kenso Soai for nonlinear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric organic synthesis. Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary unpack the sci
Nobel Prize in Physics 2026 Explained: IceCube & Neutrinos (EP 62)
Why build a telescope inside a billion tons of Antarctic ice? The 2026 Nobel Prize in Physics recognizes Francis Halzen's work on IceCube and the discovery of high-energy neutrinos from the cosmos. In Episode 62 of From First Principles, Le
Nobel Prize in Medicine 2026 Explained: Optogenetics (EP 61)
How do you prove what a brain cell actually does? The 2026 Nobel Prize in Medicine celebrates a remarkable answer: give cells a light-sensitive protein, then switch their activity on or off with light. In Episode 61 of From First Principles
2026 Nobel Prize Predictions: Medicine, Physics & Chemistry (EP 60)
Who could win the 2026 Nobel Prizes? From the science behind Ozempic to quantum interference and droplets inside living cells, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary make their picks for Medicine, Physics and Chemistry, and explain the discoveri
Golden Goose Awards 2026: The Science Behind the Winners (Part 1) (EP 59)
What connects a noise complaint, holiday lights seen from space, and the physics of a coffee stain? Three unexpected paths from basic research to discoveries with real-world impact. Krishna Choudhary and Lester Nare explore the science behi
What OpenAI Actually Did to Navier-Stokes (EP 58)
What does it mean to solve an equation that describes almost every fluid around us, from the air over a wing to the water swirling down a drain? In Episode 58 of From First Principles, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary build the Navier-Stok
What’s Next in Science? Nobel Prizes, Space Missions & More (EP 57)
What science should you be watching this fall? From Nobel Prize season to NASA’s Roman Space Telescope, Mars’ moons and Mercury, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary take a relaxed tour of the discoveries and missions on their radar. In Episod
The Yak Mutation That Could Help Repair the Brain (EP 56)
What can a yak living thousands of meters above sea level teach us about repairing the human brain? In Episode 56 of From First Principles, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary break down a new Neuron paper that traces an evolutionary adaptati
Why Spin Qubits Will Win the Quantum Race (Part 2) (EP 55)
Which quantum computer will actually scale? In Part 2 of our quantum computing deep dive, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary move from theory to hardware—comparing superconducting qubits, trapped ions, neutral atoms, and silicon spin qubits
How Quantum Computing Actually Works (Part 1) (EP 54)
Quantum computers do not simply “try every answer at once.” So what do they actually do—and why have governments and technology companies spent billions trying to build them? In Part 1 of our two-part quantum computing deep dive, Lester Nar
What Claude Actually Did to the Riemann Hypothesis (EP 53)
Claude did not solve the Riemann Hypothesis. But what it actually did may be one of the clearest examples yet of how rapidly AI systems are changing the way difficult mathematics can be attacked. In Episode 53, Lester Nare and Krishna Choud
The Amazon’s Hidden Civilization (One Year Anniversary) (EP 52)
In this anniversary episode, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary look back at how two longtime friends turned their regular conversations about science into a show now shared by millions of people around the world, and what they hope to build
The Tech Elon Has Been Waiting For (EP 51)
What happens when electronics can operate at temperatures hot enough to melt aluminum? In this deep-dive episode, Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary examine a new high-temperature memory device developed by researchers at USC, the Air Force
AI Breaks a 90-Year Math Problem, Life’s Alphabet in Space, and Science Funding (EP 50)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode moves from astrobiology to science policy to the rapidly changing frontier of artificial intelligence and mathematics. First, researchers analyzing pristine samples returned from ast
FIFA Data Scientists Explain Match Momentum (EP 49)
In this special interview episode, Lester Nare speaks with Juan Busso, Senior Football Data Scientist at FIFA, and Arron Ackerman, FIFA’s Team Lead for Football Performance Analysis, about the data science behind the Match Momentum visualiz
Black Hole Movies, Digital Heart Twins, and World Cup Tech (EP 48)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode returns to the FFP science rundown with stories spanning astrophysics, precision medicine, medical imaging, artificial intelligence, and World Cup technology. We begin with the Event
America 250: The Breakthroughs That Built American Science — Part 2 (EP 47)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is part two of our July 4th America 250 special: a celebration of the scientific, technological, institutional, and cultural breakthroughs that helped shape the United States into on
America 250: The Breakthroughs That Built American Science — Part 1 (EP 46)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is part one of our July 4th America 250 special: a celebration of the scientific, technological, institutional, and cultural innovations that helped shape the United States into one
The Physics of the World Cup: VAR, Smart Balls, and Soccer Aerodynamics (EP 45)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is our World Cup special — a deep dive into the science, physics, engineering, and data behind the beautiful game. We start with the offside rule and the controversy around semi-auto
New Rules For Heredity (Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Epigenetics) (EP 44)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode marks Krishna’s return to the studio after paternity leave — and the timing could not be more fitting. Today’s deep dive is about inheritance: not just the classic Mendelian rules mo
Dr. Michael Blanton on Open Data, Galaxy Surveys, and the Future of Astronomy (EP 43)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is the second interview in our ongoing collaboration series with Carnegie Observatories. Krishna sits down with Dr. Michael Blanton, the new Director of the Carnegie Observatories, f
How Scientists Actually Study Dark Matter (EP 42)
Hosted by Lester Nare, this episode features astrophysicist Dan Gilman for a deep conversation on one of the biggest open questions in modern physics: what dark matter actually is. Starting from first principles, Lester and Dan walk through
Dr. John Mulchaey on Carnegie Science and the Future of Astronomy (EP 41)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this interview features John Mulchaey, the 12th President of Carnegie Science and former Director of the Carnegie Observatories. The conversation starts with his early work on galaxy groups and d
Ant Scans, Lunar Chickpeas, Hidden Galaxies & Superconductivity (EP 40)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this rundown episode covers four new science stories at a high level: a huge new 3D ant imaging database built with synchrotron X-ray microtomography, a lunar agriculture experiment that grew chi
The Prometheus Constellation: Dramaturgical and Scientific Analysis of the Physicists in Oppenheimer (EP 39)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this special episode ranks the 26 scientists shown in Christopher Nolan’s Oppenheimer by one standard only: their contribution to fundamental science. Starting with the Manhattan Project figures
Harder Than Diamond? The New Hexagonal Diamond Breakthrough (EP 38)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into one of the strangest and most hard-fought materials science stories in decades: the claim that researchers have finally synthesized bulk hexagonal diamond, also k
Artemis II: Deep Dive on the Moon Flyby, Earthset, and Reentry (EP 37)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a full deep dive on Artemis II as the crew returns from humanity’s first crewed lunar flyby in more than 50 years. Lester and Krishna break down the mission photo by photo, from l
Artemis II, Claude Code Leak, iPhone Spyware & Project Hail Mary (EP 36)
Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this rundown episode covers five new science and tech stories at a high level: NASA’s Artemis 2 moon mission, what actually leaked in the Claude Code incident, a new cancer genomics paper suggest
