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India's Defence Industry: The State of Play
Episode Notes Lt Gen P. R. Shankar outlines the evolution of India’s defense industry and how it is nurturing a growing ecosystem of indigenous production. He highlights that India’s armed forces have always been adequately equipped for nat
The Missing Pieces in India’s AI Puzzle: Talent, Data, and R&D
Anirudh Suri outlines the current AI landscape, discussing how the U.S. and China dominate the AI space while other nations, including India, strive to carve their own niches. The discussion focuses on India's AI strategy, which has emphasi
Trade, Tariffs, and Technology: U.S.-India Relations in Trump’s Second Term
Peter Harrell outlines the Trump administration's evolving approach to tariffs and their implications for U.S.-India trade relations. The discussion covers the impact of proposed reciprocal tariffs, which could significantly affect Indian e
Trump 2.0: Navigating the India-U.S. Relationship in a New Era
This episode explores the trajectory of India-U.S. relations as Donald Trump embarks on his second term as president. Arun K. Singh provides a detailed analysis of the highs and lows during Trump’s first administration. He highlights major
Syria in Transition: Regional Dynamics and India's Interests
This episode unpacks several critical issues shaping the future of Syria and its broader regional impact. Gaddam Dharmendra (https://carnegieindia.org/people/gaddam-dharmendra?lang=en¢er=india) provides a historical context to Syria’s c
Bridging East and West: India’s Pursuit of Stability Amid China, Russia, and U.S. Dynamics
This episode unpacks several key issues that shape India’s role on the global stage. As India navigates the path to re-establishing stability along its contested border with China, Gokhale and Varma analyze what the recent BRICS Summit outc
India's Lunar Exploration: Past, Present, and Future with Jatan Mehta
India's lunar exploration journey began with Chandrayaan-1, which marked a significant milestone in 2008 by becoming the first Indian mission to orbit the moon. This mission also contributed to the discovery of water ice on the moon, cataly
The U.S.-India Partnership Under Modi and Biden with Arun K. Singh
The Modi-Biden era is characterized by a profound deepening of ties between India and the U.S., with significant cooperation in critical and emerging technologies, enhanced defense partnerships, and strengthened diplomatic ties. Arun K. Sin
Europe’s China Policy with Janka Oertel
There has been a significant transformation in Europe-China relations over the past decade, with a shift from economic optimism to cautious de-risking. While Europe has sought partnerships with China, particularly in industrial and technolo
Understanding Drivers of China's Foreign Policy with Helena Legarda
There are many factors that have led to China's more assertive foreign policy, especially under Xi Jinping. In this episode, Helena Legarda discusses the centralization of power within the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and how this has infl
5 Years of Interpreting India
In this special 5th-anniversary episode of Interpreting India, the Carnegie India team reflects on five years of insightful conversations that have shaped the podcast. With over 100 episodes produced, the podcast has consistently explored c
Ajay Shah on Union Budget 2024: Fiscal Policy and Economic Challenges
The episode provides an in-depth analysis of the structural challenges that led to the slowdown in private investment in India from 2011, highlighting the impact of policy uncertainty, weak rule of law, and central planning on business conf
Quentin Verspieren on a Zero Debris Approach in Space Exploration
Space sustainability has become a critical issue with the increasing presence of space debris. In this episode, Quentin Verspieren provides insights into the ESA’s zero-debris approach and the collaborative efforts needed to achieve it. The
Raj Shukla on Modernizing India’s Armed Forces and Defense Industry
India's quest for military modernization has been marked by significant reforms in recent years. In this episode, Raj Shukla provides insights into the progress and challenges faced in this transformation. He highlights the importance of te
Vidyadhar Phatak on Urban Planning Challenges and Solutions in India
India's rapid urban growth has brought to light numerous challenges, including unmanageable expansion, inadequate housing, and air pollution. Vidyadhar Phatak discusses how historical planning models and regulatory frameworks have contribut
Madhumita Murgia on Addressing Unintended Harms of AI
In the past two years, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved from a burgeoning technology to a transformative force, reshaping industries and everyday life. Enthralled by AI's promises and potential, the tech world and society at
Karl Mehta on India's Tech-Driven Future
Karl Mehta highlights the critical role of trustworthy tech supply chains and the necessity for international collaboration among partner nations. Mehta examines the potential of India’s national AI mission and the growing space tech ecosys
Poornima Dore on the Dynamics of India’s Regional Economies
India, a continent-sized country, exhibits profound regional economic disparities, with some regions having economic outputs comparable to upper-middle-income countries, while others resemble the impoverished regions of sub-Saharan Africa.
Steven Freeland on the Governance of Space Resource Activities
In the realm of space exploration, there's a growing focus on extracting resources from celestial bodies like the Moon and asteroids. This calls for a strong governance framework to ensure responsible and sustainable practices. Internationa
Ajay Kumar on Defense Innovation in India
The recent war in Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Middle East have provided valuable lessons when it comes to the nature of future military modernisation and defense innovation. While traditional warfare remains relevant, we ar
Jabin Jacob on China’s Increased Presence in South Asia
South Asia is a region of remarkable diversity, encompassing countries such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, and Myanmar. Typically, India has been considered the power most capable of exercising its in
Anupam Chander on the Challenge of Regulating Free Speech Online
One of the guiding norms that has shaped the internet over the last few decades is that of online free speech. This norm is protected in many countries by exempting online platforms and intermediaries from liability for the user-generated c
Vijay Gokhale on Crosswinds of History: India, China, and the Cold War's Hidden Game
In this episode of Interpreting India, we delve into the often-overlooked history of India's early relationship with China. Author Vijay Gokhale former Indian Foreign Secretary, takes us back to the 1940s and 50s, exploring pivotal moments
Karthik Ganesan on the Current State of Electrical Connectivity in India
India has seen superlative progress in electrical connectivity, achieving 96.7 percent connectivity to the grid as of 2020 from around 67 percent over a decade ago. For context, the electricity sector can be broadly split between generation
Izumi Nakamitsu on Exploring the Geopolitics of Technology: Insights into Military Applications of AI
There are similarities between the UN’s efforts to pursue a disarmament strategy for nuclear weapons and the regulation of the military applications of AI. Given the multiple parallel initiatives on this issue, inputs would also have to be
Amit Bhatt on Effective Ways to Achieve Cleaner Transportation
With the onset of winter, severe levels of air pollution have reemerged as a concern in North India. Various factors have been put forth to explain this malaise: stubble burning in farms, vehicular pollution, and pollution due to the constr
D. Shyam Babu on Caste Census and the Politics of Social Justice in India
The last publicly available nation-wide caste census in India was conducted in 1931. Now, a state-wide caste census has become available from the government of Bihar. Even though we know the Indian state collects data on a variety of marker
Devashish Dhar on Understanding the Indian City
One of the most visible signs of India’s economic development in the past seventy-five years has been the growth of its cities. Some of them are now among the largest on the planet, both in terms of area and population. However, Indian citi
Stephen Ezell on Cultivating a Robust Semiconductor Environment
The U.S.-India initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) was launched during the Quad Summit in Tokyo in May 2022. The purpose of the iCET was to expand partnerships in critical and emerging technologies, including semiconductor
Emmanuel Lenain on the India-France Strategic Partnership and G20
Even though India and France have had a strategic partnership for twenty-five years now, the bilateral relationship between these countries has received substantial impetus recently. The relationship spans common interests in the Indian Oce
