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The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History

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  1. The Muisca Gold That Sparked the El Dorado Myth

    Long before the Spanish set foot in the Andes, the Muisca people built a complex federation in the high plateaus of what is now Colombia. Their ritual of covering a new chief in gold dust and offering treasures into the icy waters of Lake G

  2. The Day Colombia Lost Panama

    In 1903, Colombia was still reeling from the devastating Thousand Days' War when the United States set its sights on the Panama Canal. The Hay-Herrán Treaty seemed like a fair deal, but the Colombian Congress rejected it, hoping for more mo

  3. How Coffee Reshaped Colombia's History and Identity

    Explore the captivating history of Colombia's coffee industry, from its introduction by Jesuit missionaries in the 18th century to its explosion in the late 1800s during the Antioquian colonization. This episode follows the arrieros (mulete

  4. The Thousand Days' War: Colombia's Bloodiest Civil War

    In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore Colombia's Thousand Days' War (1899-1902), a devastating civil war that pitted Conservatives against Liberals, cost over 100,000 lives, and led directly to the loss of Panama. They delve into the caus

  5. The Cali Cartel: The Quiet Empire That Outlasted Pablo Escobar

    We've talked a lot about Pablo Escobar and the Medellín Cartel — the bombings, the assassinations, the war on the state. But while Escobar grabbed headlines, another cartel was quietly building a billion-dollar empire in the south of Colomb

  6. Marquetalia: The Birth of the FARC

    In 1964, the Colombian government launched Operation Marquetalia, a military offensive against a peasant stronghold in the southern department of Tolima. The assault was meant to crush what officials called 'independent republics' — autonom

  7. Rafael Núñez and the 1886 Constitution That Remade Colombia

    In episode 181 of The History of Colombia, we sit down with Lucas and Luna to explore the Regeneration movement—the political upheaval led by Rafael Núñez that replaced Colombia's federalist system with a centralized, conservative state. We

  8. The 1928 Banana Massacre: Colombia's Bloody Labor Uprising

    In December 1928, Colombian troops opened fire on striking banana workers in the small town of Ciénaga, near Santa Marta. The massacre, carried out on the orders of a government allied with the United Fruit Company, left hundreds dead and b

  9. The Bogotazo: The Day That Broke Colombia

    April 9, 1948: Bogotá explodes. The assassination of populist leader Jorge Eliécer Gaitán ignites a riot that kills thousands and reshapes Colombia's future. Lucas and Luna delve into Gaitán's rise as a voice for the poor, the mysterious ci

  10. The 1985 Palace of Justice Siege: Colombia's Day of Infamy

    In November 1985, the M-19 guerrilla group stormed Colombia's Supreme Court in Bogotá, taking hundreds hostage. The resulting military siege left nearly 100 dead, including justices, and sparked decades of controversy over state violence an

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