The March First Movement: Korea's 1919 Cry for Freedom

In 1919, Koreans rose up against Japanese colonial rule in a nationwide nonviolent protest known as the March First Movement. This episode explores the background of Japanese annexation, the drafting of the Declaration of Independence by 33 cultural leaders like Choe Nam-seon, the peaceful demonstrations that spread across the country, and the brutal Japanese suppression. We highlight the story of Yu Gwan-sun, a 17-year-old student who organized protests in her hometown and died in prison, becoming a symbol of Korean resistance. The movement led to the creation of the Korean Provisional Government in Shanghai and forced Japan to adopt a more conciliatory cultural policy. We also discuss how the spirit of March First influenced later movements for democracy, including the Gwangju Uprising and the Candlelight Revolution.

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