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The Story of Sri Lanka: Kingdoms, Colonies, and Civil War — Fexingo History

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  1. The Portuguese Discovery of Ceylon: Accidental Empire

    In 1505, a Portuguese fleet blown off course stumbled upon the island of Sri Lanka, then known as Ceylon. This episode tells the story of that first encounter: how Lourenço de Almeida's ships landed at Colombo, the treaty with the Kotte kin

  2. Ceylon's Independence: The Peaceful Transfer of Power in 1948

    In 1948, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) became the first South Asian colony to gain peaceful independence under Dominion status within the British Commonwealth. This episode explores the final years of British rule, from the Soulbury Commission to

  3. The Japanese Raid on Ceylon: WWII in the Indian Ocean

    In April 1942, Japan's Imperial Navy launched a devastating surprise attack on the British colony of Ceylon — hitting Colombo and Trincomalee with carrier-based aircraft. In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Easter Sunday Raid, the s

  4. Parakramabahu the Great and the Sea of Parakrama

    In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Polonnaruwa kingdom through the reign of Parakramabahu I, the 12th-century monarch who united Sri Lanka after Chola rule. They discuss his massive irrigation projects—including the Sea of Parakram

  5. The Indian Tamil Plantation Workers of Ceylon

    After the British took control of the entire island in 1815, they transformed the central highlands into a vast plantation economy. Coffee boomed first, then collapsed from disease, and tea took over. But who worked those estates? This epis

  6. When the Cholas Conquered Anuradhapura: Sri Lanka's Indian Interlude

    In 993 CE, the Chola Empire under Rajaraja I launched a massive invasion of Sri Lanka, sacking the ancient capital Anuradhapura and establishing direct rule over the north for half a century. This episode explores the conquest, the collapse

  7. Black July 1983 The Riots That Ignited Sri Lanka's Civil War

    In July 1983, a wave of violence swept Sri Lanka after the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) ambushed an army patrol, killing 13 soldiers. The subsequent pogrom—a state-sanctioned or tolerated rampage by Sinhalese mobs—targeted Tamil

  8. Donoughmore Constitution: Sri Lanka's 1931 Universal Franchise

    In 1931, Ceylon became one of the first Asian colonies to grant universal adult suffrage. This episode explores the Donoughmore Commission of 1927, its radical recommendations, and the creation of the State Council. We discuss the debates o

  9. The Fall of Jaffna: Portugal's Conquest of Sri Lanka's Tamil Kingdom

    Lucas and Luna explore the little-known story of the Jaffna kingdom, a Tamil dynasty that ruled northern Sri Lanka for centuries. Learn about King Cankili II's fierce resistance to Portuguese expansion, the brutal conquest of 1619, and the

  10. Sinhala Only: The 1956 Language Act That Divided Sri Lanka

    In 1956, Ceylon's newly elected government under S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike passed the Official Language Act, making Sinhala the sole official language. This episode explores the political forces behind the act, the opposition from the Federal P

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